The reports about the pencycuron： Efficacy of dressing cotton seeds with fungicides in controlling root pathogens under field conditions

By： Eisa (Nawal) A., El-Habbaa, G.M., El-Emery, M.I. and　Hassan, S.R.

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is attacked by several pests such as insects, fungi, bacteria, nematodes and others at the different stages of growth. Fungi are the widest pathogens but bacteria and viruses are sometimes involved. In this respect, Fulton and Bollenbacher (1958), Alfred (1963), Kuch (1986), Seneewong et al. (1991), and Palmateer et al. (2004) found that Rhizoctonia solani, F. moniliforme, Fusarium solani, F. semitectum were the most pathogenic fungi causing mortality of cotton plants.
Regarding the effect of fungicides, David and Sinclair (1968) reported that protection against pre- and post-emergence damping-off occurred when seedlings were grown in soil treated with 250 ppm Vitavax while, Vitavax used as seed treatment gave significantly greater protection than did a standard. Barakat and Osman (1981) found that dressing of cotton seeds with any of the fungicides Captan, Quinolate 15 and Euparen has significantly improved the emergence of seedlings, but thiabendazole (TBZ) was ineffective. All applied fungicides did not affect root or shoot lengths comparing with the control plants. Dry weight of shoots was reduced especially with Euparen and Quinolate 15 treatments. Youssef et al. (1995) found that delinting the seeds of Egyptian cotton cvs. Giza-45 and Giza-75 by the brush machine for one and two times before coating with the Pencycuron fungicide improved seed germination and seedling growth characteristics as compared to the acid delinted seeds or the non–delinted ones. Helal et2al. (1997) found that dressing the delinted cotton seeds with Rizolex before planting in infested and non-infested soil in the greenhouse gave the highest seedling emergence and the highest percentage of survived seedlings as well as, delinted seeds with 50% sulfuric acid gave the lowest rate of diseased seedlings. Seed dressing improved seedling vigor in the greenhouse. El–Safety et al. (2001) reported that dressing cotton seeds with fungicides Pencycuron, Pencycuron–combi, Pencycuron–euparen, Rhizolex-T and Vitavax 300 as well as using the fertilizer superphosphate and herbicides (cotoran, goal and stomp) in a soil infested with Rhizoctonia solani have significantly reduced the infection. Goulart (2002) conducted an experiment in greenhouse to evaluate the efficiency of several fungicides, applied as seed dressing to control damping–off caused by R. solani using the cotton cv. Delta Opal. The most efficient treatments in the control of cotton seedling post– emergence damping–off were triadimenol + pencycuron + tolylfluanid followed by triadimenol, triadimenol + tolylfluanid and carboxin + thiram. No phytotoxic effects were observed on cotton.
This work aimed to study the efficacy of some commercial fungicides in controlling root rot incidence under field conditions and its effect on plant growth and lint quantity and quality.

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