Chinese apples to be checked for pesticides in Vietnam

At a meeting in Ha Noi yesterday, June 18, the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development of Vietnam directed the Plant Protection Department to promptly have official information regarding the tainted wrapping paper of Chinese apples. Teams may be sent to China for trustworthy information.
Increased checks on Fuji apples imported from China should be an urgent task, Minister Cao Duc Phat said.
Chinese media reported last week that papers used to wrap the apples were coated with the pesticides Tuzet and arsenic fungicide, which cause harm to human health.
The pesticides are meant to protect the surface of the apples and keep out diseases that could hurt the crop yield.
The department"s director Nguyen Xuan Hong said wrapping apples from the time they are young until they are ripe was common, but keeping them in pesticide bags was barred.
He also said Chinese officials had collected 2.7 million fruit wrapping bags, and closed down violated bag manufacturers.
The department has guided two testing centres to get samples of Fuji apples sold in Ha Noi and HCM City for testing. The results will be provided to the department in the next four days.
Hong also said that the number of apples imported from China was not high at this time, while the import soared between October and March.
China is the world"s biggest supplier of Fuji apples, with 40 per cent of the global supply.
The department also said that checks on imported fruit and vegetables since earlier this year showed that 105 out of 415 samples tested contained residue of 24 different chemicals, but all were at allowable levels.

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China ABACHEM to set foot in pesticide business

Source:Agropages.com

According to a bulletin of board of directors of ABA Chemicals (ABACHEM), a Chinese chemicals manufacturer, ABACHEM plans to launch a J/V with Jiangsu JIANNONG Agrochemical Co., Ltd., (Jiangsu JIANNONG), a pesticide manufacturer in Jiangsu Province.
ABACHEM plans to make an investment of RMB100 million Yuan (cash and less than RMB10 million Yuan equivalent equipment) for a 75% controlling share while Jiangsu JIANNONG contributes its trademark, patent, know-how and part of equipment which are evaluated to be RMB33.33 million Yuan for a 25% share. As per the agreement, Jiangsu JIANNONG is obliged to transfer its pesticide production-oriented qualification, trademark, domain name, all related businesses and majority of employees to the J/V.
ABACHEM was established in 2006, specializing in production of premium intermediates and APIs mainly in the contract-manufacturing manner. The company has built up its cooperative relations with world-prime pharmaceutical and pesticide enterprises, now the main pesticide intermediate business of ABACHEM is to supply BPP to DuPont. BPP is an advanced intermediate of chlorantraniliprole, a novel pesticide.
Jiangsu JIANNONG was established in 2001, mainly produces agrochemicals of several major series over 30 varieties including insecticide, fungicide, plant growth regulator, herbicide and fine chemicals which are quite popular in the market home and abroad, backed up by its known brand image and broad marketing channels.
As regards to future operations, the J/V will inherit all customer portfolio and marketing channels from Jiangsu JIANNONG while integrating ABACHEM’s pesticide contract-manufacturing advantage to target at novel and high-efficient pesticide market and be dedicated to becoming China’s leading pesticide technical and product formulation contract-manufacturing provider.

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US pesticide and produce companies sued over banana pesticide

Source:Bloomberg

Dole Food Co., Fresh Del Monte Produce Inc. and Dow Chemical Co. are being sued by more than 1,000 banana plantation workers from Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama in a new round of cases claiming injury from a pesticide.
Eight separate complaints filed since May 31 in federal court in Delaware over the use of dibromochloropropane.
The pesticide, which was banned in the US back in 1979, was sprayed on fields to eliminate nematode worms. Workers claim they were not advised to wear protective clothing and were never warned they were in any danger.
Around 16,000 Latin American workers have sued over similar cases in US courts over the last 20 years. However, most cases are dismissed with judges saying that they must use the courts in their native countries.
In 2010, a California appeals Judge threw out a $2.3 million 2007 verdict after Dole argued that the plaintiffs had lied about becoming sterile as a result of spraying chemicals.

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France bans Syngenta pesticide linked to bee decline

Source:Farmers Weekly Interactive

The French government has banned a pesticide linked to the decline of bees that is widely used to treat oilseed rape.
Cruiser OSR (active ingredients: thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M), which contains the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam, was banned for use on oilseed rape by the French Ministry of Agriculture.
Made by the Swiss agrichemical company Syngenta, Cruiser OSR is a seed treatment, which is coated onto the rape seeds.
The decision to ban Cruiser follows two studies earlier this year, in the UK and France, which found evidence that neonicotinoids contain chemicals that disorientate bees and prevent them from finding their way back to hives, causing colony collapse disorder.
Announcing the ban, France"s Ministry of Agriculture said it would be pushing for a European-wide ban with the European Commission and the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA).
Bees are vitally important to agriculture for pollinating our food crops and maintaining biodiversity in the rural environment.
A recent Friends of the Earth report estimated bees are worth £510m a year to the UK economy.
However, bee numbers have been declining worldwide in recent years and conservationists claim that pesticides are a contributing factor, in particular neonicotinoids.
Syngenta has less than two weeks to submit its own evidence before any ban in France is implemented. The company said called the ban "a dark day for French and European agriculture".
In its defence, Syngenta claimed no cases of bee mortality have been identified as being linked to Cruiser OSR - although 650,000ha of treated seeds are grown in France.
DEFRA said it was investigating the reports before deciding whether to act in line with its pesticide safety policy.
"We are assessing recent studies on neonicotinoids and will report our findings very shortly," a spokesman said.
"The UK has a robust system for testing and reviewing pesticide use and if the evidence shows the need for action, we will not hesitate to act."
Cruiser is available to use in the UK as a broad spectrum seed treatment, providing fungicidal and insecticidal use on oilseed rape, fodder rape and mustard.

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NMFS issues final Biological Opinion for pesticides harming salmon

Source:U.S. EPA News Release
On May 31, 2012, US EPA received the National Marine Fisheries Service"s (NMFS") final Biological Opinion relative to the potential effects of the dinitroanaline herbicides oryzalin, pendimethalin and trifluralin on federally listed threatened or endangered Pacific salmon and steelhead and their designated critical habitat.

In the Biological Opinion, NMFS concluded that oryzalin, pendimethalin, and trifluralin are likely to jeopardize the continued existence of some listed Pacific salmonids, and adversely modify designated critical habitat of some listed salmonids. NMFS considered comments and incorporated suggestions from EPA, the states, the pesticide industry, grower groups and other stakeholders to complete this Biological Opinion. The Biological Opinion provides a one-year timeframe for implementation. EPA will consider the opinion and take appropriate steps to protect threatened and endangered species from pesticide risks.

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France to ban a Syngenta pesticide to protect bees

Source:Reuters

France said it plans to ban a pesticide made by Syngenta that is widely used to treat rapeseed crops after scientists suggested it could pose danger to bees.
A sharp decline in bee populations across the world in recent years, partly due to a phenomenon known as Colony Collapse Disorder, has prompted criticism of pesticide use, although research has yet to show clearly the causes of falling bee numbers.
France intends to withdraw the permit of the Cruiser OSR (active ingredients: thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M) pesticide used for coating rape seeds, pending a two-week period during which Syngenta can submit its own evidence, Agriculture Minister Stephane Le Foll said on Friday.
The decision was based on a report from French health and safety agency ANSES, which went along with recent scientific findings suggesting that a sub-lethal dose of thiamethoxam, a molecule contained in Cruiser, made bees more likely to lose their way and die.
"To protect rapeseed plants there exist alternatives to coating seeds that are already widely used. If the withdrawal of the authorisation (for Cruiser OSR) is confirmed, farmers will therefore have solutions to call on," Le Foll said in a statement.
Syngenta rejected the move as based on a single study and not backed up by field observations.
"Currently in France you have 650,000 hectares that are cultivated (with Cruiser-treated rapeseed), and there are no cases of bee mortality identified as being linked to Cruiser," Laurent Peron, head of corporate communication for Syngenta France said.
This crop area amounts to nearly half of about 1.5 million hectares of rapeseed sown in France. In Europe, more than 3 million hectares of rapeseed use Cruiser, including in Germany, Peron said.
France seeks EU review
France is the largest crop producer in the European Union and with Germany is the leading EU grower of rapeseed, used for making vegetable oil and biodiesel fuel.
The French ban on the pesticide will take effect before the start of the next rapeseed sowing campaign in late summer, a farm ministry official said, stressing that it would not affect versions of Cruiser used for other crops such as maize (corn).
France also has asked the European Commission to reconsider its criteria for authorising Cruiser for rapeseed ahead of the next sowing campaign, Le Foll said.
In its report, ANSES said while exposure of bees to thiamethoxam in actual field conditions was lower than in the recent study on bee navigation, a similar level could not be excluded in some circumstances.
More research is needed at European level on the impact on bees as well as a broader review of the neonicotinoid family of substances to which thiamethoxam belongs, it said.
In a separate opinion published on Friday, the European Food Safety Authority said doses of neonicotinoids tested in the bee research were above the highest residue levels actually recorded in plant nectar, adding that more studies were needed to evaluate exposure in different field situations.
Dave Goulson of Stirling University in Scotland, who led another recent study on risks to bees from neonicotinoids, said there was growing evidence that these chemicals may play a role.
"It would be massively oversimplifying to say that these chemicals are the only cause of bee decline, although it is clear they are a part of the problem," Dave said.

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Natural pesticide clove oil may cause dermatitis

Source:Pinnaclife　

McCord Research the parent company of Pinnaclife warns consumers that fruit that is protected from infestation or bacteria by an ingredient as common as clove oil could cause an allergic skin reaction. When handling fruit to remove pesticide residue, including organic, make sure your hands are healthy (free of dryness or cracks) or wear gloves.
According to a study conducted by Dr. Prashar at the School of Biosciences in the UK and published in the August 2006 issue of Cell Proliferation, it was reported that clove oil has two major components, eugenol and beta-caryophyllene, which constitute 78% and 13% of the oil, respectively. While clove oil and its components are generally recognized as "safe", their research reported that clove oil and eugenol are cytotoxic (kill) towards human cells at concentrations as low as 0.03%.
In a study conducted in the Department of Virology, Hygiene Institute in Germany in 2008, it was reported that concentration as low as 0.0006% of clove oil were toxic. The study suggests that testing natural skin care and other health products that contain clove oil for toxicity is an important prerequisite.
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is currently investigating the safety of clove oil as a fungicide and bactericide for use in post-harvest applications. They reported in the journal EFSA in 2012 that clove oil presents a risk to humans and waterways. Ongoing research is being conducted.
What does this mean to the consumer that is trying to make healthy choices? Even "natural" pesticides, fungicides and bactericides may cause a health problem. The best way to make sure that such toxins do not enter the body by contact with fruit is to keep your hands healthy or wear gloves, and it is always a good idea to have a healthy immune system.
Pinnaclife recommends that you apply their specialized Olivamine-containing Skin Repair Cream sold in HyVee stores to keep your hands healthy. The Skin Repair Cream may offer some protection but caution must be taken and gloves should be considered when handling fruit or applying a product that contains clove oil. Taking Pinnaclife Olivamine supplements may give the immune system a boost.


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Nematodes to soon replace pesticides

Source:dailytimes.com.pk　
"For the first time in Pakistan, National Nematological Research Centre (NNRC), University of Karachi (KU), will release nematode samples to local growers and farmers which will replace pesticides.
Nematodes are small parasitic animals that can kill bacteria without leaving any harmful impact on crops.”
This was recently announced at the concluding ceremony of three-day workshop entitled, ‘Biological Control of Root-knot Nematode in Vegetables using EPN’ organised by the National Nematological Research Centre, KU.
The workshop, inaugurated by KU Vice Chancellor Prof Dr Muhammad Qaiser, concluded on the note that excessive use of pesticides in crops leaves harmful impacts. There impacts are harmful for human health and lead to severe human diseases and illnesses.
In order to deal with this situation, use of nematodes can be extremely fruitful. The aim of this workshop was to stimulate awareness, upgrade knowledge and improve skills of participating farmers, extension workers and students on EPN technologies developed by the NNRC for the biological control of RKN in vegetables.
About 60 participants from Agriculture College, Multan, Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam (ARI), Agriculture Training Institute, Sakrand, (ATI) Sindh, Directorate of Agriculture Extension, Hyderabad, Office of Agriculture Extension, Tando Allahyar, Office of Agriculture Extension, Mirpurkhas, Sindh, Agriculture University, Tandojam (SAU), Agriculture University of Faisalabad (AUF), a while number of progressive growers and representative of Sindh Chamber of Agriculture and Sindh Abadgar Board also participated in the workshop.
Thorough inspection of NNRC field was made by the participants about the diseased plant roots infested with root-knot nematodes (symptoms of nematode attack on roots).
The conventional techniques of identification of both nematodes were discussed and demonstrated. Besides basic techniques different methods of biological control were demonstrated using EPN against different plant pests (insects). Dr MA Maqbool, former director, National Nematological Research Centre, KU, in his speech applauded the effort made by the staff and students of National Nematological Research Centre to hold the international workshop for transfer of technology of biological management to farmers in a befitted manner.
He also emphasised the fact that the field applications of biocontrol organisms like entomopathogenic nematodes as biopesticides must be applied to enhance the agricultural production of the country as these nematodes are beneficial and have no adverse effect on human and environment.

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USDA announces positive report on pesticide residues in 2010

Source:Food Poisoning Bulletin　

The USDA’s Agriculture Marketing Service has released its annual report on pesticide residues on produce and other foods, called the Pesticide Data Program Annual Summary. The agency samples more than 12,000 products to test for chemical residues in a program that has been in place since 1991. This was the 20th annual survey and covers the calendar year 2010.
This report tells scientists, farmers, consumers, and government regulators about the use of pesticides on our food supply. The safety of U.S. exports is demonstrated, and the EPA uses the data to conduct dietary risk assessments.
The report states that residues found on tested foods are “at levels well below the tolerance levels set by the Environmental Protection Agency”. In 1996, the agency started focusing on foods that are “most likely consumed by infants and children.”
Foods are tested on a rotating basis. The foods tested this year included fresh fruit, processed fruit, fresh vegetables, processed vegetables, oats, eggs, baby food, catfish, groundwater, and treated and untreated drinking water. This was the first time baby food, cabbage, hot peppers, and mangoes were included in the report. No residues that exceeded safety levels were found in baby food.
The government found that “residues exceeding the tolerance were detected in 0.25% of samples tested. Residues of chemicals that have no established tolerance levels were found in 4.6% of the samples.” Before testing, analysts wash samples for 10 seconds under running water; consumers should do the same at home.
Nutritionists encourage consumers to eat lots of fruits and vegetables as part of a healthy diet. But the Environmental Working Group, a non-profit organization famous for its list of “Dirty Dozen” foods, still recommends that consumers choose some varieties of fruits and vegetables grown organically. Those twelve foods, including apples, celery, strawberries, and peaches, have the highest pesticide residues. The group also publishes a list of the “Clean Fifteen”, or produce that has the lowest pesticide residues that are safe to purchase conventionally grown.

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This paper reports the results of a field study of occupational pesticide exposure (respiratory and dermal) among a group of Italian agricultural subcontractors. These workers consistently use pesticides during much of the year, thus resulting in a high exposure risk. Ten complete treatments were monitored during spring/summer. Pesticides that were applied included azinphos-methyl, dicamba, dimethoate, terbuthylazine, and alachlor. Several observations were made on worker operative modalities and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during work. Total potential and actual exposure ranged from 14 to 5700 microg and from 0.04 to 4600 microg, respectively. Dermal exposure contributed substantially more than inhalation to the total exposure (93.9-100%). Hand contamination ranged from 0.04 to 4600 microg and was the major contributor to dermal exposure. Penetration through specific protective garments was less than 2.4% in all cases, although penetration through general work clothing was as high as 26.8%. The risk evaluation, based on comparison between acceptable daily intake and total absorbed doses, demonstrates that it is presumable to expect possible health effects for workers regularly operating without PPE and improper tractors. Comparisons between exposure levels and operative modalities highlighted that complete PPE and properly equipped tractors contributed to a significant reduction in total exposure to pesticides during agricultural activities. In conclusion, monitored agricultural subcontractors presented very different levels of pesticide exposure due to the high variability of operative modalities and use of PPE. These results indicate the need to critically evaluate the efficacy of training programs required for obtaining a pesticide license in Italy.

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Preparation of polyclonal antibody against dicamba and establishment of indirect competitive ELISA for dicamba detection

In order to establish the immunoassay method of dicamba（DIC），the diimine carbonization methods were used to synthesize immunogen and coating antigen by dicamba being conjugated to ovalbumin (OVA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), respectively. The polyclonal antibodies against dicamba were prepared through immunizing New Zealand white rabbits with the immunogen. The enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) titer of the antibody was 1∶1.28×105. The percentages of the antibody cross reactivity with other analogues of dicamba (2,3,5-trichlorobenzoic acid, 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid and 2-amino-3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) were all less than 01%. An indirect competitive ELISA (ciELISA) was developed for dicamba detection, with coating antigen and polyclonal antibody diluted at 1∶8000 and 1∶80000. The lineal range of the assay for detecting dicamba was 1 to 100 ngmL-1, with the detection limit (IC20)　of 1-779 ngmL-1. The regression equation was y = 8.6844 ln x+15.001， R2=0.9944. When dicamba addition　value was from 5 to 30 μgkg-1 in the recovery tests, the recovery rate　of dicamba in corn meal and wheat flour blank samples ranged from 53.08% to 92.37%, and 66.5% to 94.63%, respectively.

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EFSA published review of pesticides risks to bees

Source:EFSA　

EFSA has published a state-of-the-art scientific review of the risks posed by pesticides to honey bees, bumble bees and solitary bees. This major piece of work will support the development of specific guidance for the assessment of possible risks to bees from the use of plant protection products. The guidance will provide up-to-date advice to those involved in the evaluation of plant protection products and their active substances, including industry and public authorities.
The opinion published on the science that will underpin the guidance was requested by the European Commission and responds to growing concerns among MEPs and beekeeper associations about the appropriateness of the current risk assessment scheme. It is also part of EFSA’s coordinated response to the decline in the numbers of honeybees, wild bees and other pollinators in Europe.

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UK: impacts and sustainable use of pesticides in 2011

Source:CRD　

The Pesticides Forum has published its latest annual report ‘Pesticides in the UK – the 2011 report on the impacts and sustainable use of pesticides".
The work of the UK Pesticides Forum in 2011 confirms that the use of pesticides is not adversely impacting on the health of UK citizens or the environment. This is testimony to the effectiveness of both statutory and voluntary controls. However there is scope to reduce risks further without compromising the very real need to control pests, weeds and diseases.
The action plans of the UK Pesticides Strategy identify and help to direct activity resulting in a well-balanced package of statutory and voluntary controls and good advice relating to the responsible use of pesticides. It is important that those who sell, supply, store and use pesticides respect the very necessary legal requirements and engage positively with the innovative voluntary programmes.
This report shows that overall usage of pesticides (measured by weight of active substance) has continued to decline from the peak in 1998. In recent years this drop has largely been as a result of the loss of two key herbicides, isoproturon and trifluralin, and the reduction in maximum application rates of use of others.
These herbicides are all used primarily for the control of black-grass and it remains to be seen how much impact these losses will have on the ability of farmers to control this weed, while minimising the development of resistance to the remaining herbicides used.
One particular important issue the Forum discussed this year was how recent developments in pesticide application technology have helped users apply products more precisely. The UK is at the forefront of these developments. The use of GPS on modern sprayers and developments in spray nozzle technology has helped reduce the risk of drift and overspraying.
We continue to see increases in the number and quality of professional users of pesticides through the provision of well-designed training and continuing professional development programmes. The Forum was pleased to learn of the development of schemes such as Amenity Assured and other initiatives which will help to improve practice in this sector.
The Forum continues to highlight the importance and value of all relevant stakeholders working collaboratively to co-ordinate and provide advice on pesticide use. This will help ensure that society can derive the benefits from responsible pesticide use without being exposed to unacceptable effects. It is important to be innovative, ambitious and to strive to continually reduce risks. The UK public can be assured of the high degree of professionalism exhibited by those who sell, supply, store and use pesticides and that the UK’s robust and innovative range of controls deliver high standards of protection for human health and the environment.

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Demand for formulated pesticides in China to reach 2.3mn tons in 2015

Demand for formulated pesticides in the agricultural market in China is forecast to rise 5.3 percent per annum to 2.3 million metric tons in 2015. In value terms, formulated pesticide demand is expected to rise 7.1 percent per year to ¥60 billion. Market gains will be primarily driven by increases in agricultural production as measured by the total area of sown land, and ongoing expansions in the production of fruits and vegetables, which are by far the most intensive users of pesticides relative to most other crops.
Improvements in pesticide variety and quality, especially those that result from a domestic industry that is becoming technically more proficient, will stimulate additional pesticide usage and further contribute to demand growth. Farmers will continue to see steadily increasing income, the result of rising crop prices and government subsidies designed to supplement their revenues and reduce their material costs. Subsidies aimed directly at cutting the cost of pesticides will encourage additional use. Furthermore, increased pesticide usage has become more feasible from an investment standpoint, as use of additional pesticides can greatly increase crop yield, which in turn bolsters farmers" income.
The improved revenues attributable to higher crop prices more than compensate for the cost of the pesticides. The outlook for the Chinese formulated pesticide industry remains good. Shipments are expected to grow 5.2 percent annually and net exports are forecast to rise to 717,000 metric tons, due to the competitive price of domestic products and improvements in their quality. Insecticides to remain largest market, fungicides to grow fastest Insecticides will remain the largest product type through 2015 despite a relatively slow growth rate of 3.7 percent per year. Established products will continue to dominate the market going forward while the trend toward using less-toxic insecticides will contribute to the slow rate of growth.
Herbicides will see strong growth in both shipments and demand through 2015, driven by a decrease in farming manpower and growth in export markets. Fungicides will post the fastest growth as farmers contend with resilient fungal problems. Pesticide active ingredient sales will advance 4.8 percent annually through 2015 to 765,000 metric tons. By weight, active ingredients comprised 26 percent of formulated pesticide shipments in 2010. Growth will be stimulated mainly by increasing exports of pesticide active ingredients, while heightened domestic production of formulated pesticides will further boost demand.
The Northwest is set to be the fastest growing regional market .The size, growth and composition of pesticide demand in China"s six regions vary considerably. The Central-East and Central-South will remain the two largest regional pesticide markets, together accounting for 70 percent of total demand in 2015. Demand in these regions will be driven by increasing output of high value crops. Growth in sales of pesticides in the Northwest will outpace that of other regions through 2015, benefiting from the Great Western Development Strategy.

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Yangzhou Pioneer Chemical strictly performs the modern enterprise management system

In2010, Yangzhou Pioneer Chemical passed ISO9001:2008 quality system certification,and operate ERP management system,implement the office automation. Pioneer Chemical have improved production chain of command,strict quality guarantee system and modern means of testing.
Quality is enterprise’s life, so strictly control product quality, establish product quality standards and packaging quality standards for the target market is every employee’s responsibility.
Yangzhou Pioneer Chemical Laboratory in accordance with the quality control standards of SGS,Shanghai Institute for Drug Control and other professional testing organizations,test random sampling of each batch of products, all goods must pass the analysis and insection before packing, and shipping.
In thefierce international market competition, “quality first,credit first” is our goal,and “quality management” is our persistent faith.

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Five new pesticide common names approved by ISO

Source:ALan Wood　

The ISO Technical Committee on Common Names for Pesticides has provisionally approved five new active ingredient common names in March 2012. Afidopyropen, from Meiji Seika Pharma, is a novel insecticide being developed under the code name, ME5343, according to the Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (CPCN).
Clacyfos is a phosphonate ester of the phenoxyacetic herbicide 2,4-D from Central China Normal University. The name “lvxiancaolin” (氯酰草膦) is approved in China; the spelling “lüxiancaolin” is also used. The approvals also include two fungicides. Isofetamid is a thiophenecarboxamide fungicide from Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha being developed under the code name, IKF-5411. Mitsui Chemicals Agro’s carbamate fungicide tolprocarb was developed under code MTF-0301. Pyflubumide is a pyrazole acaricide from Nihon Nohyaku being developed under code NNI-0711.


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Israel takes steps to limit pesticide exposure

Source:haaretz.com　 The inter-ministerial committee in Israel has opted to reduce the number of pesticides permitted for usage in the country"s horticultural sector. The Health Ministry made this announcement last week. It comes on the heels of a rise in complaints from the public concerning exposure to chemicals. The committee decided that use of insecticides containing three types of organophosophate substances will be halted in two months, and use of other substances will be banned within two years. The decision comes not just as result of public concerns, but also following the findings of research, which appears to show possible neurological effects due to exposure to certain pesticide ingredients. Researchers have stated that those working in the agricultural sector could be at risk, as could pregnant women in the vicinity of treated crops. The Agriculture Ministry announced that it is working to obtain approval of new guidelines that would ban the use of insecticides within 100 meters of homes, and require the ground to be covered with plastic sheeting at distances of 100-350 meters from residential areas. The Environmental Protection Ministry noted that a study it commissioned from the Technion to simulate the spread of insecticides is soon to be completed. Based on the results, decisions will be made regarding steps to protect the population. Yangzhou pioneer chemical CO.,LTD.

A widely used farm pesticide first introduced

By Miguel Llanos, msnbc.com
A widely used farm pesticide first introduced in the 1990s has caused significant changes to bee colonies and removing it could be the key factor in restoring nature"s army of pollinators, according to two studies released Thursday.
The scientists behind the studies in Europe called for regulators to consider banning the class of chemicals known as neonicotinoid insecticides. In the U.S., the Environmental Protection Agency told msnbc.com that the studies would be incorporated into a review that"s currently under way.
A pesticide trade group questioned the data, saying the levels of pesticide used were unrealistically high, while the researchers said the levels used were typical of what bees would find on farms.
"Our study raises important issues regarding pesticide authorization procedures," stated Mikael Henry, co-author of a study on honey bees. "So far, they mostly require manufacturers to ensure that doses encountered on the field do not kill bees, but they basically ignore the consequences of doses that do not kill them but may cause behavioral difficulties."
"There is an urgent need to develop alternatives to the widespread use of neonicotinoid pesticides on flowering crops wherever possible," added the authors of the second study on bumble bees.
Last week, a coalition of environmental groups and beekeepers asked the EPA to suspend the use of the pesticide, which is widely used in flowering crops like corn, sunflower and cotton to combat insects.
The studies are the first to go outside the lab and into the fields, where the experts said they detected how the pesticide impacts bees as they collect pollen and pollinate flowers and crops.
Honey bee populations have been crashing around the world in recent years, and pesticides have been suspected, along with other potential factors such as parasites, disease and habitat loss, in what"s known as Colony Collapse Disorder. In the U.S., some beekeepers in 2006 began reporting losses of 30-90 percent of their hives, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Combating Colony Collapse Disorder is hardly an esoteric exercise. The USDA notes that "bee pollination is responsible for $15 billion in added crop value, particularly for specialty crops such as almonds and other nuts, berries, fruits, and vegetables.
"About one mouthful in three in the diet directly or indirectly benefits from honey bee pollination," it adds.
, one study by British scientists looked at honey bees and the other by French scientists examined bumble bees, which unlike honey bees live in the wild but also are key pollinators.
In the bumble bee study, researchers concluded that colonies treated with nonlethal levels of the pesticide "had a significantly reduced growth rate and suffered an 85% reduction in production of new queens" compared to colonies without the pesticide.
"It was quite massive," researcher Penelope Whitehorn said of the reduction at a press conference Thursday. "Bumble bees have an annual life cycle and it is only new queens that survive the winter to found colonies in the spring," the authors noted. "Our results suggest that trace levels of neonicotinoid pesticides can have strong negative consequence for queen production by bumble bee colonies under realistic field conditions, and this is likely to have a substantial population-level impact."
In the honey bee study, radio transmitters were attached to the back of bees to see how they foraged in conditions with and without the pesticide.
The pesticide, the researchers concluded, impaired the homing ability of bees and exposed bees were two to three times more likely to die while away from the hive. That "high mortality ... could put a colony at risk of collapse" within a few weeks of exposure, especially in combination with other stressors, they noted.
"We were actually quite surprised by the magnitude," Henry told reporters.
CropLife America, a pesticides trade group, said in a statement that the studies "fail to account for the many real-world factors that impact bee and colony health, and the researchers used unrealistic pesticide dose levels that are not commonly found in practical field situations in agriculture."
Dave Goulson, a University of Stirling researcher with the bumble bee study, countered that the scientific papers "are the closest studies to date to look at the real world situation."
A leading U.S. researcher said the honey bee study "did use a higher dose than we have seen in pollen and nectar."
That study is "not fatally flawed," added Jeff Pettis of the USDA"s Bee Research Laboratory, "but the higher dose must be considered as being a factor in why they saw the loss of bees."
"The bumble bee study, however, used a very realistic dose and the effect on reproduction was the major finding," he told msnbc.com. "The bumble bee study was very convincing in my opinion in being realistic and showing a significant impact on reproduction."
CropLife America spokeswoman Mary Emma Young said the dose in the bumble bee study was "a high level, but not as excessive" as in the honey bee study, and that "similar studies on bumble bees did not show these effects, so more research may be needed."
In the honey bee study, the authors said they tested the bees at an "intensive cereal farming system" in France and used sublethal amounts of thiamethoxam, "a recently marketed neonicotinoid substance currently being authorized in an increasing number of countries worldwide for the protection of oilseed rape, maize and other blooming crops foraged by honey bees."
Goulson noted that EPA rules don"t require pesticide makers to test the product as bees navigate over natural distances and yet that "is where the problems seem to start."
The EPA, contacted by msnbc.com, said it has "begun reviewing the two studies ... and they will be considered" as part of an ongoing process that reviews chemicals. Non-EPA scientists will weigh in at a special meeting in the fall, it added.
The prevailing view among most scientists and regulators is that "complex interactions among multiple stressors" are to blame, the EPA stated.　"While our understanding of the potential role of pesticides in pollinator health declines is still progressing, we continue to seek to learn what regulatory changes, if any, may be effective."

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About USA pesticides :U.S. EPA seeks comment to protect salmon from pesticides

Source:U.S. EPA News Release　

The EPA is seeking comments on draft Reasonable and Prudent Measures (RPMs) and Alternatives (RPAs) included in a draft Biological Opinion received from the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). This draft Biological Opinion addresses the potential effects from the pesticide thiobencarb on Pacific salmon and steelhead listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act. A second pesticide, molinate, is also included in this Biological Opinion; however at the request of the registrants all uses were cancelled effective July 30, 2008, and the last use date was August 31, 2009. The comment period will be closed on June 12, 2012.


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Effect Contrast of 20 Pesticides again Main Insect Pests on Vegetables

By: Wang Jianxin; Zhang Guisong; Hong Wenying; Zhang Ya; Huang Yihong; Liu Yinquan; Shi Zhuhua; Zhang Guangmei;
Because spodoptera exigua Hubner occurred less generations a year and damaged seriously by its larva outbreak,it was controlled by spraying high effective pesticides,namely chlorfluazuron or tebufenozide during peak of larvae and chlorpyrifos,tralomethrin or methomyl during84%larvae occur -ring.Because plutella xylostella(L.)occurred more generations a year and damaged seriously by suddenly in creasing the number of larvae,it was controlled by spraying persistent pesticides,namely abamectin or Bt during1

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