By: J. JOHNSON, D.L. JORDAN, L.R. FISHER, J.
PRIEST, and P.M. EURE, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
Development and utilization of dicamba, glufosinate, and 2,4-D
resistant crop cultivars potentially will have a significant influence on weed
control in the southern United States. However, off-site movement to adjacent
non-tolerant crops is a concern in many areas of eastern North Carolina,
especially where peanut and tobacco are produced. Cotton, peanut, soybean,
tobacco, and many vegetable crops not resistant to these herbicides are often
grown in close proximity to one another, and practitioners will need to consider
potential adverse effects on these crops.Research was initiated in 2009 to determine response of these crops to simulated drift rates of
dicamba, glufosinate, and 2,4-D when applied at two locations
for each crop in early June to crops planted in early to mid May (cotton,
peanut, soybean) or when tobacco was transplanted in April. The highest rate of
these respective herbicides was 0.125 lb ai/acre, 0.27 lb ai/acre, and 0.24 lb
ai/acre. Herbicides were applied at four additional rates going as low as
0.000488 lb/acre (dicamba), 0.017 lb/acre (glufosinate), and 0.00093 lb/acre
(2,4-D). Peanut yield was reduced by only the highest rate of either glufosinate
or 2,4-D. Dicamba at 0.125 lb/acre reduced pod yield at one location while rates
of 0.125 and 0.03125 lb/acre reduced yield at a second location. Although not
reported here, yield of cotton, soybean, and tobacco generally were affected
more than yield of peanut. Results from these experiments will be used to
emphasize the need for diligence in application of these herbicides in close
proximity to adjacent crops that are susceptible as well as the need to clean
sprayers completely before spraying sensitive crops.Additionally, these data will be used to correlate visual injury with yield loss when these herbicides damage susceptible crops.
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